Winter is tough on cars. From freezing temperatures to road salt, the cold months can do serious damage if your vehicle isn't prepared. Hence, knowing how to properly store your car for winter is crucial, especially if it’s going to sit unused for a few months. Whether you're protecting a classic car, a daily driver, or just trying to avoid any unpleasant surprises come spring, taking the right steps now will save you time, money, and frustration down the road.
The goal of this guide is simple: to help you get your car winter-ready and stored safely so when the ice finally melts and the sun reappears, your car will be as ready to hit the road as you are. We’ll walk you through every step, from cleaning and covering your car, to taking care of the battery and fluids, to making sure rodents don’t decide to turn your engine bay into a cozy nest. No matter what type of vehicle you own, this guide will cover everything you need to know about winterizing it for long-term storage.
Here, we’ll show you how to protect your car step by step, so you can rest easy knowing that when spring comes, your car will be in as good a shape as when you left it.
Let’s go!
Why Winter Storage is Important for Your Car
Here’s what we meant by “winter is tough on cars”. Rust is one of the biggest car threats, as moisture combined with road salt can quickly corrode its undercarriage and body panels. At the same time, cold temperatures sap the strength of your battery, reduce tire pressure, and thicken fluids like oil, making it harder for your car to start when it’s time to get back on the road. If you’re storing your car for the winter, it’s essential to protect it from these elements.
Proper winterizing also helps avoid other common issues like flat spots on tires, rodent infestations, and degraded fluids. Cold weather can cause tires to develop permanent flat spots if the car remains stationary for too long, and rodents may find your vehicle an inviting place to nest, chewing through wires and insulation. Ensuring your car is clean, properly maintained, and stored in the right conditions will prevent these problems and ensure it’s ready to go when spring returns.
Taking the time to winterize your car not only prevents unexpected damage but also preserves your vehicle’s longevity and value. With a few simple preparations—like cleaning, battery maintenance, and treating fluids—you can protect your car from winter’s harsh effects and avoid unnecessary repairs down the road.
Preparing Your Car for Winter Storage
Properly preparing your car for winter storage is essential to prevent long-term damage and ensure it runs smoothly when spring comes around. In this section, we’ll go step by step, covering everything from cleaning your car to checking fluids and maintaining essential components.
Step 1 — Thoroughly Clean and Protect the Exterior
One of the most important first steps in winterizing your car is giving the exterior a thorough cleaning. Even though the car won’t be exposed to the elements daily, dirt and grime left on the surface can cause significant damage over time. Bird droppings, tree sap, and road debris are acidic, and when left on the paint for long periods, they can eat away at the clear coat and even the paint itself, leading to permanent stains or peeling.
Cleaning Process
Start by washing the entire exterior using automotive soap to remove dirt, grime, and contaminants. Pay special attention to the undercarriage, as this area often collects salt, grease, and other harmful debris that can accelerate rust formation. For stubborn contaminants like tar, sap, or bird droppings, use specialized cleaners to ensure they are thoroughly removed.
Once the car is clean, apply a high-quality wax or ceramic coating to create a protective barrier against moisture and oxidation. This step is crucial for preventing rust, especially during prolonged storage. For additional protection, consider applying specialized rust prevention products to the undercarriage and other vulnerable areas. Rust inhibitors or undercoating sprays can create a durable barrier that shields metal surfaces from moisture and road salt. Focus on areas prone to rust, such as the wheel wells, door sills, and undercarriage, and ensure the surface is completely clean and dry before applying these products.
For further defense, you might want to use a clear paint protection film (PPF) to prevent scratches and chips. Finally, cover the car with a breathable, fitted car cover to protect it from dust, dirt, and minor scratches while allowing moisture to escape, helping to prevent mold and mildew buildup.
Step 2 — Clean and Protect the Cabin
The inside of your car is just as important to protect as the outside, especially since a neglected interior can attract pests and suffer damage from long-term storage. Begin by thoroughly vacuuming the entire cabin, including under the seats and in between crevices where dirt, crumbs, and debris tend to accumulate. Food particles and organic matter left inside the car can attract rodents, which can cause extensive damage to wiring, upholstery, and insulation.
After vacuuming, wipe down all surfaces with appropriate cleaning products. For leather seats, use a leather conditioner to prevent cracking and drying during the cold winter months. Vinyl and rubber surfaces should be treated with a protectant like Armor All to keep them supple and resistant to the harsh conditions of winter storage.
To prevent mold and mildew from forming in the cabin, especially in damp or unheated storage areas, consider placing moisture absorbers, such as silica gel packets, in the footwells and other areas prone to dampness. For rodent prevention, start by inspecting your storage area for any signs of rodent activity, such as droppings, nests, or gnaw marks. If you find evidence, take immediate action to eliminate them from the space before storing your vehicle.
Once the area is secure, you can place scented deterrents like dryer sheets or mothballs inside the car to ward off rodents. Additionally, consider using specific rodent repellents, such as peppermint oil, which is known to deter mice and rats. Apply the oil to cotton balls and place them in strategic locations, particularly near potential entry points like the air intake, exhaust, and any gaps around the doors. Blocking these entry points with steel wool is also an effective measure.
For added protection, set up rodent traps around the perimeter of the storage area. These traps can be baited with food to attract rodents before they have a chance to enter the vehicle. If you prefer a chemical-free approach, consider electronic rodent repellents that emit ultrasonic sound waves, which are designed to deter pests from the area. Periodically inspect your vehicle during storage to ensure no signs of rodent activity appear, addressing any issues promptly to avoid significant damage.
Step 3 — Maintenance and Fluid Checks
Before your car goes into hibernation for the winter, it’s crucial to take care of basic maintenance and ensure all fluids are topped off and fresh. Start with an oil change. Used oil contains contaminants like dirt, metal shavings, and moisture, which can lead to corrosion inside the engine if left sitting for months. Fresh oil helps prevent this and keeps internal components properly lubricated during storage.
Fluid Maintenance Checklist
- Engine Oil: Old engine oil can contain contaminants such as moisture, dirt, and metal particles, which can lead to internal corrosion if left sitting during winter storage. To prevent this, ensure you change the oil and filter just before storage. Use high-quality synthetic oil if possible, as it provides better protection during prolonged inactivity.
- Brake Fluid: Brake fluid is hygroscopic, meaning it absorbs moisture from the air, which can lead to corrosion in the brake system. Ensure the brake fluid is topped off, and if it's been more than two years since the last brake fluid change, consider flushing the system to avoid potential issues.
Power Steering and Transmission Fluid: Power steering and transmission fluids should also be checked for any signs of contamination or degradation. If the fluids appear dark or have a burnt smell, consider replacing them before storage. This is especially important if the car will be stored for more than three months. - Coolant: Make sure to test the coolant’s freezing point with a hydrometer to ensure it’s suitable for your climate. The coolant should be replaced if it’s old or if the antifreeze protection level is not adequate. Additionally, inspect the radiator cap and replace it if the seal is worn, as a proper seal is crucial for maintaining the cooling system's pressure.
- Fuel System: Adding a fuel stabilizer is crucial, especially for ethanol-blended gasoline, which tends to attract moisture more easily. Ethanol can lead to phase separation, where water and fuel separate, causing issues like rust in the fuel tank and clogged fuel injectors. Run the engine for a few minutes after adding the stabilizer to ensure it circulates throughout the system.
Step 4 — Battery Care
One of the most common issues after winter storage is finding a dead battery, and cold temperatures only make things worse. To avoid this, you need to properly care for your battery before and during storage. If you plan to leave the battery in the car, the easiest solution is to connect it to a battery maintainer, also known as a trickle charger or float charger. Opt for a smart charger, which automatically adjusts the charge rate and prevents overcharging, ensuring your battery stays at its optimal charge level. Make sure the charger is compatible with your vehicle's battery type, whether it’s lead-acid, AGM, or gel.
If using a maintainer isn’t an option, consider disconnecting the battery entirely. Start by removing the negative terminal (ground) first, followed by the positive. While doing this, it's a good idea to clean the terminals and cable ends with a mixture of baking soda and water to remove any existing corrosion. After cleaning, apply a thin layer of petroleum jelly to the terminals to protect them from future corrosion. Store the battery in a cool, dry place, but not directly on a concrete floor—cold surfaces can draw charge from the battery over time. Instead, place it on a wooden surface or a battery storage mat to insulate it.
For vehicles that will be stored for an extended period, it’s wise to periodically check the battery’s charge level with a multimeter. If the charge drops below 12.4 volts, recharge the battery to prevent sulfation, which can shorten its lifespan. Additionally, if your car is equipped with advanced electronics, make sure to consult the vehicle’s repair manual before disconnecting the battery to avoid triggering any issues with the onboard computer or security systems.
Alternatively, you can remove the battery altogether and store it inside where the temperatures are more stable. This method can help preserve the battery’s lifespan and prevent any issues with starting the car once storage is over.
Step 5 — Tire Care and Protection from Flat Spots
Tires are particularly vulnerable during long-term storage, especially when left stationary for months. The constant weight of the car pressing down on the same spot can cause the tires to develop flat spots, which may become permanent if not addressed properly. This issue is more common in colder climates, where the rubber can become stiff and less flexible.
To prevent flat spots and ensure your tires remain in good condition, start by inflating them 2-5 PSI above their recommended pressure. This extra pressure helps to counteract the natural air loss that occurs over time and provides additional support against the vehicle's weight.
For cars that will be stored for an extended period, one of the most effective ways to protect your tires is by placing the vehicle on jack stands. This relieves pressure from the tires entirely, eliminating the risk of flat spots and also taking stress off the suspension components. However, if using jack stands isn't an option, you can park the tires on foam boards or plywood to insulate them from the cold concrete floor. This extra layer of insulation reduces the likelihood of flat spots and also helps prevent tire degradation caused by direct contact with cold surfaces.
It's also important to check the tire pressure periodically during storage, especially if the vehicle is not on jack stands. Tires can lose pressure more quickly in cold weather, so maintaining the correct pressure will help preserve their shape and prevent any flat spots from becoming permanent. If possible, roll the car slightly every few weeks to change the point of contact, further reducing the risk of flat spots.
Taking these steps will ensure that your tires remain in optimal condition, ready for the road when winter storage comes to an end.
Additional Considerations
There are several other mechanical components you’ll want to address before winterizing your vehicle. Paying attention to these smaller details can prevent potential issues from developing while the car sits idle.
Parking Brake Precaution
Avoid engaging the parking brake during storage, as prolonged contact between the brake pads and rotors can cause them to fuse together, especially in cold or damp conditions. Instead of using the parking brake, secure the vehicle with wheel chocks to prevent any movement.
Inspect Belts and Hoses
Check all belts for cracks, fraying, or glazing, which can worsen in cold temperatures. Moreover, inspect hoses for leaks, brittleness, or softness—cold weather can cause them to become brittle and prone to failure. In any case, you should replace any worn or damaged belts and hoses to avoid breakdowns when the car is brought out of storage.
Not sure how to inspect those belts and hoses? The repair manual for your car will guide you through every step.
Check for Fluid Leaks
Before storing the car, thoroughly inspect the engine bay and undercarriage for any fluid leaks (oil, coolant, transmission fluid, etc.). Address and fix any leaks immediately to prevent them from worsening during storage.
Consider Fogging the Engine (for Classic and High-Performance Cars)
For older or carbureted vehicles, consider fogging the engine by spraying fogging oil into the carburetor or intake while the engine is running. This coats internal engine components with a protective layer of oil to prevent rust and corrosion. Once you see smoke coming out of the exhaust, turn off the engine—this means the internal components are properly coated.
Why Storing Your Car Outside During Winter is a Bad Idea
We highly recommend that you don’t winterize your car in your driveway or in your backyard. While it may seem like a convenient option, storing your vehicle outside exposes it to a variety of risks that can lead to costly damage and negate the benefits of winterization.
In fact, storing your car in the backyard, especially on your lawn, could be one of the worst decisions you make for your vehicle. The moisture from the ground can seep into the undercarriage, accelerating rust formation and corrosion. This, combined with the constant exposure to UV rays, can cause the paint to fade and deteriorate, while temperature fluctuations can wreak havoc on your tires and seals. These elements can collectively lead to a host of issues that might leave your car in worse condition than if you had driven it through the winter.
What to Do If You Don't Have a Garage or Indoor Storage Space
If your car is valuable enough to you that you're considering keeping it warm and protected through winter, but you don't have access to a garage or indoor parking space, it's crucial to explore alternative storage options that offer better protection than simply leaving it outside.
One practical solution is renting a parking space in a secure, underground parking lot. Many of these facilities offer monthly rentals, providing your vehicle with a stable environment that's shielded from harsh weather conditions. Underground lots maintain more consistent temperatures, which can help prevent issues like tire pressure loss, battery drain, and the potential for rust.
Another option is to look for storage facilities specifically designed for vehicle storage. These facilities often feature large warehouses or individual units where you can securely store your car. Some even offer climate-controlled environments, which are ideal for classic cars or high-value vehicles that require protection from temperature extremes and humidity.
If you’re unable to find a suitable garage or indoor storage nearby, consider reaching out to local storage companies that offer car storage solutions. Many have adapted their spaces to accommodate vehicles, providing a safe, weather-protected environment.
Ultimately, if you truly care about preserving your car’s condition, investing in proper storage is essential. Leaving a valuable car outside can negate your preservation efforts, and in some cases, you might be better off driving it through the winter rather than risking the damage that outdoor storage can cause.
Common Mistakes to Avoid During Winter Car Storage
Storing your car for the winter involves careful preparation, but even with the best intentions, it's easy to make mistakes that could lead to problems down the road. Here are some common mistakes to avoid to ensure your vehicle remains in top condition throughout the storage period.
Not Inflating Tires Correctly
One of the most common mistakes is failing to inflate your tires to the correct pressure before storage. Under-inflated tires are more likely to develop flat spots, which can become permanent, especially during long periods of inactivity. Always inflate your tires 2-5 PSI above their recommended pressure to compensate for the natural air loss that occurs over time. Additionally, regularly check the tire pressure during storage, particularly if the vehicle is not placed on jack stands.
Using the Wrong Type of Car Cover
Another frequent error is using a non-breathable car cover. While it might seem like any cover will do, non-breathable covers can trap moisture against the vehicle's surface, leading to mold, mildew, and rust. It’s crucial to use a high-quality, breathable car cover that allows moisture to escape while protecting your car from dust, dirt, and minor scratches. This type of cover helps prevent damage to both the exterior paint and the interior components.
Failing to Disconnect the Battery in Certain Vehicles
While disconnecting the battery is often recommended to prevent it from draining during storage, it’s particularly important in certain vehicles with advanced electronics or older models where parasitic drains can quickly deplete the battery. Failing to disconnect the battery can lead to a dead battery when you’re ready to take the car out of storage. Make sure to consult your vehicle’s repair manual to determine if battery disconnection is necessary, and follow the correct procedure to avoid triggering any electronic issues.
Neglecting to Clean the Car Thoroughly
Skipping the thorough cleaning of your vehicle before storage can lead to lasting damage. Dirt, grime, and contaminants like bird droppings or sap can erode the paint and cause permanent stains if left untreated for months. Always wash and wax your car thoroughly, paying special attention to the undercarriage and hard-to-reach areas where salt and debris tend to accumulate.
Overlooking the Importance of Fresh Fluids
Using old or contaminated fluids can cause internal corrosion and other damage during storage. Ensure that engine oil, coolant, and other vital fluids are fresh and topped off before storing your car. Contaminants in old fluids can settle and cause issues when the vehicle is started again, so taking the time to replace these fluids is crucial.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is the best way to winterize a car?
The best way to winterize a car involves several key steps to protect it from cold weather and potential damage. Start by thoroughly cleaning both the exterior and interior to prevent rust and rodent infestations. Ensure all fluids, including engine oil, coolant, and transmission fluid, are topped off or replaced if needed. Disconnect the battery or use a trickle charger to maintain its charge. Overinflate the tires slightly or place the car on jack stands to prevent flat spots. Finally, cover the vehicle with a breathable car cover if it's stored outside or in an unheated garage.
How do I prepare my car for temperatures below freezing?
Preparing your car for sub-zero temperatures requires special attention to the coolant system, battery, and fluids. Make sure your coolant has the proper antifreeze-to-water ratio to prevent freezing (typically 50/50, but check your owner’s manual). Inspect the battery, as cold weather can reduce its power, and consider using a battery maintainer. Use thinner oil if your owner’s manual recommends it for colder climates, and ensure all fluids are winter-ready to protect the engine and other components.
What should I do if I notice condensation inside my car during storage?
If you notice condensation inside your car, it's crucial to address it quickly to prevent mold and mildew from forming. Start by checking the seals around windows, doors, and the trunk to ensure they are intact and not allowing moisture in. Ventilate the vehicle by slightly cracking a window or opening a door on dry days to allow the moisture to escape. Consider placing moisture absorbers, such as silica gel packets or dehumidifier bags, inside the cabin to absorb excess humidity. If the storage area is prone to dampness, using a small, portable dehumidifier can help maintain a dry environment inside the car. Remember, prolonged moisture can damage upholstery, electronics, and other sensitive components, so it's essential to keep the interior dry throughout the storage period.
Can I store my car in a location with fluctuating temperatures, and what precautions should I take if I do?
Storing your car in a location with fluctuating temperatures can be challenging, but with the right precautions, you can minimize potential issues. Temperature swings can cause condensation, which may lead to rust, mold, and mildew. To combat this, ensure the car is thoroughly sealed, and consider using a high-quality, breathable car cover that allows moisture to escape while protecting against dust and dirt. Additionally, place moisture absorbers or a dehumidifier inside the car to reduce humidity. It’s also wise to apply a protective wax or ceramic coating to the exterior and rust prevention products to the undercarriage, as these measures will help shield the vehicle from moisture-related damage caused by condensation. Finally, regularly check the car for any signs of condensation or other issues and address them promptly to prevent long-term damage.
Is it necessary to change the oil before storing a car for winter?
Yes, changing the oil before winter storage is highly recommended. Old engine oil contains contaminants like moisture, metal particles, and dirt that can corrode engine parts while the car is sitting idle. Fresh oil ensures that your engine is properly lubricated and protected during storage, reducing the risk of internal damage when you start the car up again in the spring.
Should I store my car with a full tank of gas during the winter?
Yes, storing your car with a full tank of gas during the winter is recommended. A full tank prevents moisture from accumulating inside the tank, which can cause rust and corrosion. Additionally, adding a fuel stabilizer will prevent the gasoline from degrading over time, especially if you’re storing the vehicle for more than 30 days. This is particularly important for modern ethanol-blended fuels, which attract moisture more easily. When using a stabilizer, make sure to run the engine for a few minutes after adding it to ensure it circulates throughout the fuel system.
Should I winterize my hybrid or electric vehicle (EV)?
Yes, hybrid and electric vehicles (EVs) can also be winterized, though the process is slightly different than for gasoline-powered cars. Focus on maintaining the battery by keeping it within the recommended charge range (usually between 20% and 80%). If the vehicle will sit idle for a long period, plug it into a charger with a maintenance mode if possible. You’ll also want to ensure that the tires are properly inflated and that the cabin and cooling systems are functioning properly, as EVs can experience efficiency drops in cold weather. Even though these vehicles have fewer fluids to worry about, checking coolant and brake fluid is still essential.
How do you prepare a classic car for winter?
Winterizing a classic car requires extra care due to the age and mechanical complexity of older vehicles. Start with a thorough wash and wax to protect the paint from rust and corrosion. Fog the engine to coat the internal components with oil, preventing rust inside the engine. Consider using jack stands to prevent tire flat spots, and add a fuel stabilizer to the gas tank to avoid fuel degradation. Disconnect the battery or use a battery maintainer, and seal any gaps that could allow rodents to enter the vehicle. Finally, cover the car with a high-quality breathable cover to protect it from dust and moisture.
What are the signs that a rodent has been in my car during storage, and how do I address it?
Signs that a rodent has been in your car during storage include the presence of droppings, chewed wires, insulation, or upholstery, and the smell of urine or a musty odor inside the vehicle. You might also notice nests made from fabric, paper, or other soft materials inside the engine bay, glove compartment, or other hidden areas. If you discover evidence of rodents, take immediate action to remove them and prevent further damage. Start by thoroughly cleaning the affected areas with a disinfectant to remove any urine or droppings, which can carry harmful bacteria. Inspect all wiring and insulation for damage, and repair or replace anything that has been chewed. To prevent future infestations, set up traps around the storage area, use rodent repellents like peppermint oil, and seal any entry points in the vehicle with steel wool or metal mesh. Regular inspections during storage will help catch these issues early before they cause significant damage.
How often should I check on my car during winter storage?
It’s a good idea to check on your winterized car every month or so. This allows you to ensure the battery is still charged, the tires are holding pressure, and no rodents have made their way into the vehicle. It’s also helpful to start the car and let it idle for a few minutes to keep fluids circulating, provided the conditions allow it. In addition, periodically inspect for any signs of condensation, mold, or mildew inside the cabin, especially if the vehicle is stored in an area with fluctuating temperatures or high humidity. If you notice any issues, address them promptly to prevent long-term damage.
Should You Winterize Your Car?
Absolutely, winterizing your car is a smart move if you’re planning to store it during the cold months or won’t be driving it regularly. Winter conditions can be harsh on vehicles, causing problems like rust, battery drain, fluid degradation, and tire damage. By preparing your car for winter storage, you can prevent these issues and extend the life of your vehicle.
Whether it’s a classic car, a hybrid, or your everyday commuter, taking the time to winterize means you’ll avoid costly repairs and headaches when the snow melts. It’s an investment in your car’s longevity and performance, ensuring that it’s ready to roll without a hitch when you need it again. Winterizing may seem like extra work, but it pays off in the long run by keeping your car protected from the harsh realities of winter.